Malic acid is an organic acid found in many fruits, including apples (R) and grape berries (R). It is used in cosmetics as a pH adjuster and fragrance ingredient (R).
When a shampoo containing <1% malic acid was applied to human epidermal membranes for 1 minute before rinsing, only a negligible amount of the malic acid penetrated the epidermis, with >99% removed by rinsing (R).
| Outcome | Grade | Effect | Studies | |||||||
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| Skin Cell Renewal |
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